This module investigates the scientific and conservation principles underpinning the sustainable management of species populations. It evaluates critically strategies for in situ conservation of species; practices for maintaining favourable status for priority species; and principles of ex situ conservation. Two other subjects explored in this mofule are species bioeconomics and conservation issues relating to invasive species ecology. This module aims to students with a comprehensive understanding of both the scientific and conservation principles that inform current strategies for the protection and sustainable management of wildlife species. Furthermore, it encourages them to evaluate techniques and where appropriate, to propose new strategies.